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The Universe Formation
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The singular Point |
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The Planck Time |
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The Four Forces |
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Inflation |
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Pair Production |
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Soup-like Universe |
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Pair Annihilation |
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The Clear Up |
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The Universe Formation |
The density of the universe is fluctuating. In one area, there is a lot of matter and in another area there is hardly any. If a lot of matter is gathered in one region, that region becomes heavier than other areas. Therefore, the force of gravity is strong, and the area of high density attracts other matters around it, and its density grows higher and higher. These became stars and the galaxies. Before the universe cleared up however, while matter gathered toward the areas of high density, the light crashed into the matter and did not increase any more. Also, after the clearing up, the expansion of the universe got in the way and interfered the motion of light. The area of high density continued attracting surrounding matter by gravitational pull, but because the universe kept expanding, matter did not gather as much. In this sense, there was not enough time and it is impossible to form the shapes that are observed now.
This is matter that has mass, but has a very weak relation with other matter,
and even light passes through it. Even if it existed, you could not see it or
touch it, and its mass is just there. This plays an important role in the making
of galaxy. Just before the clear up, the dark matter became attracted to a tiny
fluctuation in density. With such dark matter that even light passes through
it, it would not obstruct anything by gathering together. The fluctuation of
density occurs in the area unseen and starts to develop a very strong gravitational
pull. When the universe clears up and there is no obstruction from light, the
fluctuation of density has a higher gravity than the surrounding area. The lump
of dark matter attracts surrounding matter and forms the stars and galaxies.
Top down is a way that the universe is formed from top to bottom. After this, we will explain bottom up, which says that the universe is formed from bottom to top. These are the two possible theories to the unanswered questions concerning the formation of the universe. Top down formation means that a large structure with the size of the cluster of galaxies was formed first, and then it divided into galaxies. The fluctuation of density became a cloud at first, and then it contracted to form a thin sheet or a pancake structure. This shape was very thin in one direction. This was because the density was not equally balanced, and the fluctuation in one direction was stronger than others. This large structure grew larger by attracting surrounding matter. In the end, it was not able to hold its own weight and divided into galaxies. The empty universe, after the cluster of galaxies were formed, is called the void.
There is another idea called bottom up because the top down formation theory does not match recent observations, which suggest that the galaxy is older than the cluster of galaxies. The difference from top down is the temperature of the dark matter. Bottom up formation occurs when the temperature of dark matter is low and its kinetic energy is very small. The particles find it hard to disperse due to small kinetic energy, and matter can come together even with only a little gravity, also even if the high gravity part is in a narrow region. In this way, a small formation develops first, and then more matter gathers and continuously crashes, and in the end, one large formation develops. This is bottom up formation.
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